Ethnic Minority Aviation

Immigrants face Russian proficiency test

Immigrants face Russian proficiency test

Deputy head of Russia’ Federal Migration Service Yekaterina Yegorova is expected to make a press statement today on introducing a Russian language test for immigrants.

The idea has been debated for a long time. Analysts, however, doubt this project will help immigrants assimilate. If anything, it will open up new loopholes for corruption.

Foreigners arriving to work in Russia are required to obtain a work permit, for which they are charged 15,000-30,000 rubles ($500-$1,000), and register with the local migration authority. The plan is to make a Russian proficiency test compulsory for those applying for jobs in the housing and utilities service, FMS chief Konstantin Romodanovsky said last month.

Analysts believe immigration from the CIS will continue whatever FMS invents. Average monthly salaries in Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan are below $150, while in Russia, even unqualified workers can earn $300-$400.

More than 1.5 million immigrants arrived in the Moscow Region in the past six months, according to Alexei Malashenko from the Carnegie Moscow Center. “The FMS would need enormous resources to test their proficiency in Russian, which it does not have.” At this stage, the authority does not even have enough resources to answer the phones. A correspondent tried to reach it for several hours with no success. There was no response to an emailed inquiry either.

Many ethnic minorities in Russia have their own commercial recruiting organizations, analysts said. The immigrants arriving in Russia virtually become slaves, albeit voluntarily. Most analysts agreed that anyone arriving to work in a country must speak the local language. But it is impossible to force people to learn it.

Khursheda Khamrakulova, council head of the Tajik Cultural Center regional public association, approved the idea of introducing Russian tests. “Russian is being taught across Tajikistan, and most people speak it,” she said.

Alidzhan Khaidarov, who heads the UMID ethnic Uzbek society, also thinks the FMS initiative is reasonable, although he is concerned that the testing business will become commercial and people will have to buy credits as is often the case with the work permits. Fluency in Russian is a problem in Uzbekistan; only those born before 1974 have learned it, he added. He suggested the FMS cancel the work permits instead because this practice has generated a huge and corrupt market.

Foreign Trade Advantages in Ethnic Areas » Best Topic to List :)

After joining the WTO, China’s economy under the framework of the World Trade Organization must, in accordance with prevailing rules of the WTO to run. Scope and field of China’s opening up to the growing minority areas are increasingly into forward positions from opening up to the rear. From geographical, market, environment, resources, and other ways, in ethnic areas of foreign trade and the potential advantages are very clear. To make the advantage of this potential into reality, you must change the traditional trading business strategy, to follow a new road foreign trade, with national characteristics. 　　From the perspective of geographical advantage, minority area is situated at the border, the long border is the important condition for the development of foreign trade in minority areas. Combination of ethnic regions located in Central Asia, West Asia, Siberia, and Mongolia, and Russia, and Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, and Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, Myanmar, Laos, Viet Nam and other countries land adjacent to the border up to 16537.45 km, [1] (P10-15) geographically very favorable. Such geographical location make the minority areas and neighbouring countries or to foreign trade from re-exports of neighbouring countries smaller than domestic transport distance, low cost. For example, from the ILI through Kazakhstan, and Russia, from Kashi through Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Afghanistan, Pakistan, from Lhasa through Nepal, Bhutan, Sikkim, India, Bangladesh, from Cho Tong Myanmar, from estuaries Tong Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand, is a convenient way. According to estimates, from Ruili to Kunming in Yunnan in Southeast Asia than to shorten the 5,000 km bypass Guangzhou, Hong Kong, from Alashankou, Xinjiang to Netherlands Rotterdam than 7,000 km to Tianjin to shorten in Europe, it would save time, reduce costs. In addition, the land of the Ridge after Yunnan, Tibet, as the South Asian subcontinent, after you get through the land boundary, can open a towards India Ocean window, conducive to minority areas in the broad range and Central Asia, West Asia and South Asian States to establish close economic relations and cooperation. 　　In minority areas very long borders, trade exchange among many peoples has a long history already has formed many traditional trade channels and ports. In Gansu province and Mongolia mazongshan port for trading, in the Xinjiang Alashankou Bank, in Tibet and Nepal and India trading port of camphor and Asian Development, Yunnan and Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand, Myanmar’s trading port. These ports are provinces and important channels for development of frontier trade in ethnic areas, and breakthrough of the development of export-oriented economy in ethnic areas. 　　From the perspective of popularity, advantage, minority areas and neighboring countries have a common history and culture of religious beliefs and traditions. Statistics show that over more than 30 ethnic groups across the border of the country, the vast majority of which are located in the ethnic areas. Their customs are similar, same as the same language, religious belief, or even “mountains with margin, cognate of the rivers” each other with link popularity history inextricably linked and customs, and so on. For example, Mongolia and the CIS countries and China’s national conditions similar to the commensurate level, requirements for expanded economic and technical exchanges with each other in recent years and the trend is increasingly evident. Middle East and China, Xinjiang, Gansu, Ningxia and Qinghai provinces shared the same traditions of Islam, make full use of the advantages Muslims, entirely possible in countries of the Islamic cultural circle broad international market expansion. South Asian and Southeast Asian countries deeply affected by the Buddhist culture, and shared the same cultural background of the Tibetan plateau in China, ease of communication. From the opening and development of perspective, this irreplaceable advantage overseas contact with other factors. 　　Southwest and South, South-East of India, and Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, Burma, Laos and Viet Nam’s location close to, resources are more abundant, its cocoon production, silk, wine, traditional Chinese medicine, with the Southeast Asian country’s oil, wood, coconut oil, rubber, jade, precious metals, both in demand, may carry out a variety of complementary resources, additional ballots. In Southwest China in areas such as electronics, aerospace, machinery manufacturing technology is significantly higher than Southeast Asian countries, which favour development and some Assembly-new technology industry of textile. And in northern Russia, Central Asian countries, Korea, Mongolia, Pakistan, adjacent to Central Asian countries and Mongolia economic level is relatively low, especially textile and industrial products, food and other daily consumption is relatively backward, due to the limitations of natural environment and sparsely developed agriculture, labour and the lack of technology. But these countries of wood, steel, cement, chemical fertilizers, heavy machinery and other industries with a comparative advantage. By contrast, China’s textile industry developed, ample labour resources, a relative shortage of resources. Visible, shortage of product advantages of these countries, China products, China products are scarce in these countries the advantages of the product. Such an economically very strong complementarity constitute the national economic and technical exchanges cooperation with neighboring countries in social and economic infrastructure. Development of foreign trade in China and these countries have great potential. [2] (P23) 　　Green trading is based on green manufacturing, green packaging, quality certification, green consumer on the basis of the Green, is conducive to human life and health, foreign trade in favour of environmental protection and sustainable economic development. As the depth of the movement of environmental protection and sustainable development in the world, the Green tide sweeping the world, green trade became the new forms of international trade. At present, formed a consortium in the world of green products, green consumption, green technology, green services constitute a huge colorful green market. Green products emerge from green to green medicine, from the Green clothing to green toys, from appliances to green vehicles green from green energy to Green materials, diverse, everything, added a new hotspot for international competition. Status to determine their unique resources and environment in minority areas has natural advantages of developing green trade.

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